how do you identify a literary technique or device?

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i have a theme and I’m trying to connect it to a literary technique but I’m not entirely sure on how to do that.

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Yes, let me explain the difference between a literary technique and literary device.

There are different methods that writers use in their writing to appeal their readers, and these methods are called literary devices and these literary devices are categorized into two groups:

  1. Literary techniques

These are the ways a writer uses language to add beauty to his/her work. They also make the message of the writer clearer to the readers. They are avoidable, which means if writers want to avoid using them, they can. These techniques include simile, metaphor, alliteration, onomatopoeia, etc.

2. Literary elements

These are very basic elements, which are unavoidable. These include, plot, theme, and settings etc, that are very important elements for a story.

Hope it would clear your confusion, if not then you can mention your theme so that we could explain further.