Stories, speeches, and even everyday conversations all need a satisfying finish. That’s where Concluding Remarks come in. They’re the final thoughts a writer or speaker leaves with their audience, aiming to leave a lasting impression. Think of them as the period at the end of a very thoughtful sentence.
What are Concluding Remarks?
Concluding Remarks, in literature and rhetoric, refer to the statements or comments made to formally end a piece of writing or a speech. These aren’t just simple endings; they are deliberate summaries, reflections, or final appeals crafted to solidify the central message and resonate with the audience. They offer closure, leaving the audience with something to contemplate. It’s the art of the final word.
A Simple Definition
Concluding Remarks are the finishing statements of a piece, designed to summarize, emphasize, or reflect on the main ideas presented.
Quick Examples
- “Therefore, let us all commit to building a brighter future, one act of kindness at a time.”
- “In the end, the journey itself was the real destination.”
- “This research demonstrates a clear need for further investigation into the subject.”
The Purpose of Effective Concluding Remarks
Good Concluding Remarks serve several vital functions. They aren’t merely redundant; they enhance understanding and impact.
- Reinforce the Central Idea: Restating the core message in a fresh way ensures it sticks with the audience.
- Provide Closure: A well crafted conclusion signals that the discussion is complete, offering a sense of finality.
- Call to Action (if applicable): Some conclusions inspire the audience to take a specific step or consider a new perspective.
- Leave a Lasting Impression: A memorable conclusion can shape the audience’s overall perception of the work.
Types of Concluding Remarks & How They Function
There isn’t a single ‘right’ way to conclude. The most effective approach depends on the tone, purpose, and genre of the piece. Let’s explore several common types.
Summary Conclusion
This type succinctly restates the main points, offering a concise recap. It’s especially useful for complex arguments or lengthy pieces.
Example: “In conclusion, our analysis of the economic data, coupled with the sociological surveys, clearly indicates a growing disparity in income. This disparity, if left unaddressed, poses a significant threat to social stability and requires immediate policy intervention.”
Reflective Conclusion
This type moves beyond simple restatement and encourages contemplation. It often poses a question or invites the audience to consider the broader implications of the topic.
Example: “We have explored the impact of technology on human connection. But the question remains: as we become ever more connected digitally, are we truly more connected as people? This is a question we must all grapple with as we navigate the future.”
Call to Action Conclusion
This type urges the audience to take a specific step or adopt a particular viewpoint. It’s common in persuasive writing and speeches.
Example: “The evidence is clear: climate change is a pressing issue that demands our attention. Therefore, I urge you to contact your elected officials, support sustainable practices, and join the fight for a healthier planet.”
Circular Conclusion
This type refers back to an idea, image, or anecdote presented at the beginning of the piece, creating a sense of completeness and tying everything together.
Example: Beginning of piece: “Old Man Tiber, the river that winds through our town, has witnessed generations come and go.” Concluding Remarks: “And just as Old Man Tiber continues to flow, carrying the stories of the past into the future, so too must we embrace change and adapt to the challenges that lie ahead.”
In-Depth Examples of Concluding Remarks in Literature
Let’s examine how accomplished writers utilize Concluding Remarks to powerful effect.
Example 1: Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities
“It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known.”
This famous conclusion circles back to the opening lines of the novel, creating a poignant sense of closure. Sydney Carton’s sacrifice is framed as a positive act, offering a glimmer of hope amid the darkness of the French Revolution. It is both a summary of his character arc and a moving statement on the power of selflessness.
Example 2: George Orwell, Animal Farm
“The pigs had become so indistinguishable from humans that the other animals could no longer tell which was which.”
This chilling conclusion underscores the novel’s central theme: the corrupting influence of power. It is not a happy ending; rather, it is a bleak warning about the dangers of totalitarianism. The final image is stark and unforgettable, leaving the reader with a sense of unease and despair.
Example 3: Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
“Still, we rise.”
While a short phrase, “Still, we rise” encapsulates the memoir’s message of resilience and triumph over adversity. It’s a powerful and uplifting statement that celebrates the strength of the human spirit. This is a call to action, a declaration of hope, and a beautiful summary of the author’s personal journey.
Avoiding Common Mistakes in Concluding Remarks
A weak conclusion can undermine an otherwise strong piece of writing or speech. Here are some pitfalls to avoid.
- Introducing New Information: The conclusion is not the place to introduce new arguments or evidence.
- Simply Restating the Introduction: While a circular conclusion can be effective, simply copying the introduction feels lazy and uninspired.
- Apologizing or Undermining Your Argument: Avoid phrases like “I’m not an expert, but…” or “This may not be the best solution…”
- Being Abrupt or Rushed: A strong conclusion requires careful crafting and attention to detail.
The Art of the Lasting Impression
Concluding Remarks are more than just a formality; they are an opportunity to leave a lasting impression on your audience. By carefully considering your message and crafting a thoughtful conclusion, you can ensure that your work is remembered long after it is finished. It’s the final brushstroke on a masterpiece, the last note of a beautiful song. Make it count.